From 1916 to 1984 Amcast Industrial Corp. operated a foundry in Ironton, Ohio. Amcast used the Goldcamp Disposal Area, a former sand and gravel pit located in Ironton, to dispose of exhausted sand from its foundry operation. Allied-Signal Inc. also used the Goldcamp area to dispose of its hazardous waste from its tar plant.
In 1989 the United States Environmental Protection Agency issued an administrative order directing Allied-Signal and Amcast to clean up the Goldcamp Disposal Area. The costliness of cleaning up the site was estimated at $20 million. Amcast refused to participate in